Stabilization Strategies for Carbon Based Perovskite Solar Cells Under Light, Heat, and Humidity

With power conversion efficiencies exceeding 27%, metal halide perovskite (PK) solar cells are among the most promising next‐generation photovoltaic technologies. Yet, their large‐scale deployment remains limited by instability under light, heat, and humidity. This study introduces a scalable stabilization strategy combining carbon‐based mesoscopic architectures based on MA 1− x (AVA) x PbI 3 perovskite and CsPbBr 3 quantum dots (QDs) to simultaneously enhance durability and performance. All devices were fabricated under ambient conditions and evaluated following standardized ISOS protocols (ISOS‐D‐3, 85°C/85% RH; ISOS‐L‐1(SC), 1 SUN). Integrating QDs into the perovskite layer improved both spectral management and intrinsic stability, reducing degradation rates under damp‐heat and illumination stress. Devices incorporating short‐chain‐ligand QDs showed superior resistance to humidity and temperature, with performance losses below 5% after aging. Under continuous illumination, QD‐modified cells exhibited self‐healing behavior, recovering most of their initial efficiency after dark storage. Comparative analysis reveals that damp‐heat exposure induces irreversible chemical and interfacial degradation, whereas photo‐stress leads mainly to reversible interface effects mitigated by QDs. These results demonstrate the dual role of QDs in defect passivation and dynamic recovery, establishing a new framework for designing scalable, stable perovskite–QD heterostructures that meet industrial requirements for long‐term reliability.