A Novel CDS-Based Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks in Urban Environments

In recent years, many routing protocols have been proposed to enable infotainment applications for urban VANET. These schemes deploy greedy-based techniques that rely on various routing metrics (e.g., driving distance, road segment connectivity, or number of hops) to meet the requirements of the aforementioned applications, i.e., low end-to-end delay and high throughput. Yet, most of these protocols are exposed to the local maximum problem, inciting them to employ the carry-and-forward mechanism. This leads to high end-to-end delay and significant packet losses. To address this issue, we propose a Stable and Reliable CDS-based Routing Protocol (SRCP) that selects paths with high connectivity and low delivery delay. To accomplish this, SRCP builds backbones over road segments and estimates the delivery delay for transmitting data packets over them. It, then, assigns weights to the road segments and selects the routing path with the lowest total weight to forward data packets. Extensive simulations demonstrate that SRCP generates less end-to-end delay and provides better packet delivery ratio compared to existing schemes.