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Abstract In precipitation environments, sensitive VHF Doppler radars have a capability to detect echoes from both refractive index irregularities and precipitation particles. The purpose of this paper is to propose a direct method to estimate the drop-size distribution N(D), the mean vertical air velocity and turbulence using Doppler spectra obtained by VHF Doppler radars. Bemuse the new method directly estimates turbulence as well as the mean vertical air velocity, the N(D) parameters, deduced from a least-squares fit approach, are free from cmrs inherent in conventional measurements using microwave Doppler radars. Temporal and spatial variations of N(D) and mean vertical air velocity during a cold front passage are then studied to demonstrate the capability of the present method.
Wakasugi et al. (Mon,) studied this question.