Bilateral Retrovesical Splenosis Following Childhood Splenectomy Mimicking Pelvic Malignancy: A Video Case Report

Splenosis is a benign condition resulting from heterotopic autotransplantation of splenic tissue after splenic rupture or splenectomy, most commonly following trauma. Although usually asymptomatic, it may mimic malignancy on imaging, particularly in uncommon anatomical locations. We report a 31-year-old male presenting with intermittent terminal macroscopic hematuria. Imaging revealed two bilateral retrovesical masses posterior to the seminal vesicles. Given diagnostic uncertainty, robot-assisted excision was performed. Histopathology confirmed bilateral retrovesical splenosis. This case highlights retrovesical splenosis as a rare diagnostic pitfall in patients with prior splenectomy.