Continued exploration classifies topological defects in Conway modules and K3 models, suggesting new defect relations.
A bstract We continue the study, initiated in [1], of topological defect lines (TDLs) in the Conway module V f ♮ and K3 non-linear sigma models (NLSMs). In the case of V f ♮ , we fully classify the potential N N = 1 (and N N = 4) — preserving duality defects for cyclic Tambara-Yamagami categories TY( ℤ N ), noting a curious relation to genus zero groups of monstrous moonshine. We use the correspondence with Leech lattice endomorphisms, discovered in [1], to construct a number of non-trivial examples of TDLs in V f ♮ , including examples of irrational quantum dimension. In particular, we fully classify and construct defects for the TY( ℤ 2 ) and TY( ℤ 3 ) cases, and provide examples of duality defects for TY( ℤ 2 × ℤ 2 ) and Fibonacci fusion categories as well. In the case of K3 NLSMs, we describe a duality defect of irrational quantum dimension √2 2 for the category TY( ℤ 2 , –1) in a particular torus orbifold, which exists on a 16-dimensional slice of the moduli space. We also provide a detailed analysis of spectral flow-preserving TDLs in Gepner models of K3, of independent interest, and use this to construct non-invertible defects for Fibonacci and Rep ( S 3 ) categories in particular examples. Finally we provide evidence for our conjecture in [1] that special subcategories of such TDLs in V f ♮ correspond to N N = (4, 4) and spectral flow-preserving defect lines in a corresponding K3 NLSM. In particular, we compute defect-twined elliptic genera for all non-invertible defects constructed in this article, demonstrating that for each defect found in a K3 NLSM, there is a corresponding defect in V f ♮ with coincident twining genus, and making a prediction for a number of TDLs in K3 NLSMs yet to be found.
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Angius et al. (2026) studied this question.
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