Governments are moving towards Universal Health Coverage with the intention of ensuring equitable access to quality healthcare without pushing the poor and vulnerable into harsh financial difficulties. Most of the countries, especially in Lower-Middle-Income Countries, are moving towards Universal Health Coverage through the implementation of National Health Insurance with the intention of making quality healthcare more accessible. With the change of government in Botswana, the current government has made intentions to implement the national health scheme; therefore, this research aims to explore the effectiveness of National Health Insurance systems in Sub-Saharan Africa to anticipate its effectiveness in the context of Botswana. A systematic review was used to review peer-reviewed journals and other literature using the PRISMA model. Access to healthcare remains a challenge in Sub-Saharan African countries, including those with National Health Insurance, and the same applies to Botswana. However, Botswana performed much better than most Sub-Saharan African countries in terms of Universal Health Coverage and government investment in the health of the population. Nevertheless, Botswana had high expenditure that may not be sustainable; therefore National Health Insurance Scheme provides an alternative solution to ensuring sustainability. Conversely, there is a need to review how the National Health Insurance Scheme can potentially influence Universal Health Coverage, and the pitfalls to avoid.
Kefentse Koketso Ntlotlang (Fri,) studied this question.