Impact of Control Parameter Deviations on PMSM Operating Efficiency and Adaptive Regulation Strategy

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) are widely used in industrial automation, transportation, and intelligent equipment due to their high efficiency, high power density, and good dynamic performance. However, parameter deviations caused by temperature variation, load fluctuation, model uncertainty, and aging may reduce control accuracy and operating efficiency. This paper analyzes the influence of control parameter deviations on PMSM drive efficiency using a MATLAB/Simulink-based vector control simulation platform. Speed-loop proportional gain, integral gain, stator resistance, and rotor flux-linkage estimation error are introduced as deviation variables. Their effects on efficiency, overshoot, settling time, power factor, stator current, and copper loss are quantitatively evaluated. Based on the results, an adaptive regulation strategy combining online parameter identification and operating-condition recognition is proposed. Simulation results show that rotor flux-linkage estimation error has the strongest impact on efficiency, followed by speed-loop proportional gain deviation. The proposed strategy reduces efficiency loss by more than 60% and decreases transient extra energy consumption by approximately 58%, providing a practical reference for improving PMSM drive efficiency.