Dynamic Technology Acceptance Model for Novel Product Design: Understanding User Awareness Processes Through Product Architecture

Developing innovative products that achieve market acceptance requires a systematic understanding of users’ cognitive processes during novel product interactions. The traditional Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) provides a static evaluation of user acceptance but lacks insight into the dynamic cognitive processes underlying product comprehension. This study proposes a Dynamic Technology Acceptance Model that captures user awareness acquisition patterns during product interaction. Through controlled observation experiments using a five-layer information structure model (Structure-Behavior-Function-Application-Lifestyle), we analyzed how product architecture influences the user understanding process. The results demonstrate that modular products with separable components promote systematic hierarchical awareness progression from structure to function, whereas integral products with unified forms lead to behavior-focused exploration and early functional inference with higher cognitive uncertainty. EEG microstate analysis identified distinct neural signatures underlying different awareness types—visual/linguistic processing dominates functional understanding, while introspective processing supports lifestyle integration. These findings provide designers with evidence-based principles for selecting product architectures that align with the intended user understanding processes, enabling the more effective development of innovative products that facilitate user acceptance.