Network Meta-analysis of Three Kinds of Surgical Treatment of Adolescent Varicocele

Objective: Comparison of the safety and efficacy of open, laparoscopic and microscopic treatments for varicocele. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane of Library, the Web of science, CNKI, WanFang databases from the beginning to December 31st 2025 were searched to identify relevant randomized controlled trials based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meta analysis was conducted with RevMan 5.3 and Stata 15.0 software. Results: Included in 5 studies, 1250 patients, the network meta-analysis showed that compared with OV and LV, the operation time of MV was slightly longer, and the incidence of complications and recurrence after MV was significantly lower than that of OV and LV. There is no statistical difference in the comparison of the length of hospital stay and the amount of blood loss during the operation of the two types of surgery. The results of the node analysis show that there is no statistical inconsistency (P>0.05). Conclusion: The current evidence shows the safety of the treatment of adolescent varicocele surgery On the one hand, MV may be the best choice, followed by LV, and finally OV. However, due to the uneven quality of the original studies, it is recommended that the clinical use be carefully selected. More high quality, large sample RCTs are needed for further demonstration.