ABSTRACT Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with central obesity, which further elevates cardiovascular disease risk. This randomized, open‐label, parallel‐controlled trial aimed to compare the effects of a low glycemic load (LGL) diet and a conventional energy‐restricted diet on central obesity and lipid‐related metabolic abnormalities in newly diagnosed T2DM patients following short‐term intensive insulin therapy (SIIT). All participants received a 2‐week course of SIIT before being randomly allocated to either the control group receiving a conventional energy‐restricted diet (25–30 kcal/kg/day, with 45%–55% of energy from carbohydrates, 15%–20% from protein, and 25%–35% from fat) or an energy‐matched LGL group with a target glycemic load of 56–68/1000 kcal. The 1‐year dietary intervention was implemented with quarterly outcome assessments, and repeated‐measures data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations via R 4.3.2. Between 2019 and 2023, a total of 366 patients were screened, and finally 89 eligible participants were enrolled, including 45 cases in the control group and 44 in the LGL group. During follow‐up, significant intergroup differences were observed in dietary composition (GL/1000 kcal and macronutrient distribution) and changes in HbA1c. Energy intake, physical activity level (MET‐h/week), body mass index, waist circumference, weight‐corrected waist circumference, visceral adiposity index, and atherosclerosis index were all markedly reduced from baseline in both groups ( p time 0.05). In conclusion, the LGL diet and conventional energy‐restricted diet exert comparable effects in improving central obesity and metabolic profiles among newly diagnosed T2DM patients after SIIT. Trial Registration: ChiCTR1900020559
Lin et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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