The New Structure of the Statement of Profit or Loss under IFRS 18: How to Properly Present Company Results to Users of Financial Statements

The article analyzes the new International Financial Reporting Standard IFRS 18 «Presentation and Disclosure in Financial Statements», which becomes effective from January 1, 2027. It focuses on the key changes in the structure of the statement of profit or loss compared to the previous IAS 1. The article focuses on the introduction of mandatory classification of income and expenses into five categories (operating, investing, financing activities, income taxes, discontinued operations) and the introduction of new mandatory subtotals: operating profit (loss) and profit (loss) before financing income/expenses and taxes. Using practical examples of a manufacturing company and a retailer, the article demonstrates how the new approach affects key performance indicators and the comparability of financial statements. Special attention is paid to the new requirements for disclosing management defined performance measures. The conclusion emphasizes that the changes increase transparency, comparability and analytical value of the statement of profit or loss for users.