Evaluates geospatial accessibility to drinking water, suggesting importance of participatory validation.
Spatial accessibility models are widely used in infrastructure planning, yet quantitative evaluation against lived access conditions remains rare. This study implements a quality-weighted E2SFCA model of drinking water access in Kano and Lagos, Nigeria, and evaluates grid-level predictions against participatory validation data. Results show limited overall agreement (macro F1: 0.20–0.23) and context-dependent class bias. Severe deprivation is over-detected in Kano but under-identified in Lagos. Findings highlight the necessity of participatory validation when translating geospatial accessibility modelling into defensible planning interpretation.
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Shonowo et al. (2026) studied this question.
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