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June 12, 2026Molecular AutismOpen Access

Nuances of double empathy in autistic and non-autistic people: examination using the empathic accuracy paradigm

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Authors

YRYonat RumNFNoa FeldmanSGShir Genzer

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Overview

Randomized trial assesses empathy differences across neurotypes, suggesting bidirectional challenges in understanding emotions.

Key Points

  • This study aims to investigate the double empathy problem theory, focusing on empathy differences between autistic and non-autistic individuals.
  • 141 autistic and 94 non-autistic participants viewed autobiographical stories in a randomized design.
  • Participants rated emotional valence and specific emotions’ empathic accuracy while providing self-reports of empathy and interest.
  • Mixed linear models analyzed effects of rater and target neurotype, with qualitative analysis identifying themes in responses.
  • No significant main effects for rater or target neurotype on empathic accuracy ratings were identified.
  • Autistic raters demonstrated a trend toward higher valence empathic accuracy for autistic targets (p=0.059, d=0.13).
  • Non-autistic raters reported significantly higher self-reported empathy (p<0.001, d=-0.67) and empathic interest (p<0.001, d=-0.43).

Cite This Study

Rum et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a2ba4d68101cf8926f0329ehttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13229-026-00723-2
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