Characterization of gas explosion mechanical response in coal mine roadways based on a three-dimensional reconstructed human body structure model

This study analyzed mechanical response patterns induced by explosion shock waves in coal mine roadways by integrating biomechanical and engineering perspectives. A three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed human body model was coupled with a fluid-dynamics explosion model to quantify biomechanical vulnerability under different explosion conditions. Geometric models of the human body, including muscles, bones, and internal organs, were reconstructed along with the actual roadway structures. An ALE-based Chapman-Jouguet (CJ) detonation model was adopted to simulate shock wave propagation around the human body in the roadway. The model was used to assess mechanical loading severity under different conditions. Results indicated that the overpressure near the body was approximately three times that measured 1.25 m in front of it. The seated posture exhibited overpressure levels 20%–30% higher than those in the other postures. The predicted mechanical responses showed a clear “distance–orientation effect”, with distal limbs being most vulnerable. Among all body regions, the feet exhibited the highest mechanical vulnerability, with element failure ratios reaching up to 55%, whereas the trunk showed the lowest. Stress distribution within internal organs exhibited a pattern of being lower in upper regions and higher in lower regions. Based on the proposed comprehensive impact index (CII), the mechanical loading levels were ranked in the following order: sitting > standing > running. The findings provide theoretical support for emergency rescue and injury prevention in coal mine explosion accidents.