Innovations in red blood cell preservation

The global infrastructure supporting nearly 100 million transfusions annually relies on the ability to store red cell concentrates (RCCs) for up to 42 days at hypothermic temperatures or indefinitely at low sub-zero temperatures. While these methods are generally effective, there is both an opportunity and, in specific settings, a need to refine storage techniques that have remained largely unchanged since the 1980s. Recent research has identified ways to address limitations that were not fully understood when these methods were first implemented in blood banks, with much of it focusing on modifying conventional storage strategies, while some studies explore alternative approaches. In this review, we explore the current state of RBC preservation and the future prospects for advancing both short- and long-term storage strategies.