Unconfined compressive strength prediction and sustainable stabilization of pond ash with guar gum and xanthan gum biopolymers

As environmental sustainability becomes increasingly critical, biopolymers offer a promising, eco-friendly solution for stabilizing industrial waste materials such as pond ash. Derived from natural sources, biopolymers present sustainable alternatives to traditional additives (such as lime, gypsum and cement) in geotechnical applications. This study investigates the potential of two biopolymers, xanthan gum and guar gum, to enhance the physical and mechanical properties of pond ash, a by-product of coal combustion that poses significant disposal challenges. Three types of pond ash were treated with varying biopolymer dosages and subjected to curing times ranging from 1 to 4 weeks. The results revealed significant improvements in compaction and Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) characteristics of treated specimens, with guar gum outperforming xanthan gum due to its higher viscosity and superior compressive strength. Statistical models were developed to predict UCS, enabling the optimization of biopolymer dosage and curing time for practical applications. The findings demonstrate that biopolymer-treated pond ash can serve as a sustainable construction material with enhanced engineering properties and reduced environmental impact. Overall, this research highlights the potential of biopolymers to transform industrial waste into valuable resources, supporting the development of greener materials for geotechnical applications, while advancing the principles of a circular economy.