Gynecological and Obstetrical Issues Experienced by Women Diagnosed with Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1: A Scoping Review

BACKGROUND: Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) impacts women's health in several ways, causing gynecological and obstetrical issues, among others. Documenting the frequency and severity of these clinical issues is crucial for improving the care and health-related quality of life of women with DM1. This scoping review aimed to map and describe existing research on gynecological and obstetrical issues in women with DM1 and identify research gaps. METHODS: Comprehensive searches were conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, CINAHL, ProQuest Central, and Google Scholar, from inception to December 2023. Studies examining gynecological and obstetrical issues in women with DM1 using quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods were included. Two authors independently screened studies and extracted data using standardized forms. RESULTS: A total of 36 studies were included. Gynecological problems in women with DM1 included fertility issues, genital malignancies, and pelvic floor disorders, while obstetrical complications entailed miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, preeclampsia, hypertensive disease, polyhydramnios, preterm labor, and nonvertex presentation. CONCLUSION: This scoping review demonstrates that few articles document gynecological and obstetrical issues in women with DM1. Future studies should address this important knowledge gap and enhance management and outcomes for these women.