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June 13, 2026IEEE Transactions on Networking

A 27-year Longitudinal Study on the Structure of the Internet Topology: Scale-freeness and Preferential Attachment

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Authors

WCWei Koong ChaiAKAssemgul KozhabekBDBenjamin Dodwell

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Overview

Longitudinal study investigates scale-freeness and attachment behavior in Internet topology, suggesting implications for network understanding.

Key Points

  • This study aims to assess the validity of the scale-free claim regarding Internet topology over nearly three decades.
  • 27-year longitudinal analysis of Internet topology at Autonomous System level
  • Applying maximum-likelihood fitting and goodness-of-fit tests using Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic
  • Evaluating fitting distributions such as power-law, truncated power-law, and log-normal
  • Power-law is not the best fit for Internet's degree distribution; truncated power-law often fits better
  • Preferential attachment applies primarily to smaller degree values rather than across the whole distribution
  • New links often attach to low-degree nodes, challenging the notion that new nodes prefer high-degree connections

Cite This Study

Chai et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a2cf665faef96ed7f058232https://doi.org/10.1109/ton.2026.3702190
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