Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Multiple Pathways of Canine Parvovirus 2-Induced Programmed Cell Death in Host Cells

Canine parvovirus disease (CP) is a highly contagious viral illness in dogs caused by canine parvovirus 2 (CPV2), often leading to a poor prognosis for dog recovery. The lack of strong immunity against different subtypes of CPV2 leads to numerous cases of CP, and the specific mechanisms by which it causes the disease are not fully understood. Recent studies have shown that CPV2 can induce apoptosis in MDCK host cells, but the involvement of other programmed cell death processes induced by CPV2 remains unclear. This research utilized RNA-Seq to identify significant differences in gene expression, with the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) being enriched in various programmed cell death pathways. Moreover, CPV2 infection upregulated genes associated with cancer, suggesting potential viral carcinogenic risks. The goal of this study was to establish a theoretical framework for understanding the etiology of CPV2 and to assist in the development of targeted pharmaceutical interventions.