Advances in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia: A Review of Mechanisms and the Clinical Efficacy of Combination Drug Therapy

Background Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most prevalent type of hair loss, exerting a significant negative impact on patients' quality of life. The limited efficacy, potential adverse effects, and poor patient adherence of single‐agent therapies highlight substantial unmet needs in clinical management. Recently, combination drug therapy has emerged as a promising strategy and garnered increasing clinical attention. Objective The aim is to provide a scientific basis for evidence‐based clinical practice and to facilitate the implementation of combined therapeutic strategies. Methods This review systematically elucidates the pharmacological mechanisms of commonly used agents and explores the efficacy and safety of various combination regimens. Results AGA is a multifactorial disorder. Combination therapy can enhance hair growth more effectively through distinct mechanisms while reducing the side effects of individual medications by lowering their respective dosages. Furthermore, the formulation of personalized combination regimens enables patients with varying etiologies, genders, and AGA severity levels to achieve improved outcomes. This tailored approach enhances patient compliance, thereby optimizing therapeutic efficacy. Conclusion Combination pharmacotherapy represents a significant advancement in the treatment of AGA, offering enhanced efficacy and the potential for individualized patient care.