CFD simulation of stirred tanks: Comparison of turbulence models (Part II: Axial flow impellers, multiple impellers and multiphase dispersions)

Abstract In the first part of the review, published literature regarding the CFD modelling of single‐phase turbulent flow in stirred tank reactors with radial flow impellers was critically analysed. A brief overview of different turbulence models (standard k − ε model, RNG k − ε model, the Reynolds stress model and large eddy simulation) as well as impeller baffle interaction models has been presented in the previous part. This part is concerned with the review of literature regarding CFD simulation of axial flow impellers. Comprehensive simulations have been carried out using various turbulence models and the model predictions (of all the mean velocities, turbulent kinetic energy and its dissipation rate) have been compared with the experimental measurements at various locations in the tank. The strengths and weaknesses of various turbulence models for axial flow impellers is presented. The quantitative comparison of exact and modelled turbulence production, transport and dissipation terms has highlighted the reasons behind the partial success of various modifications of standard k − ε model as well as Reynolds stress model. Literature efforts on multiple impeller systems and multiphase systems have been discussed in a separate section. Based on these results, suggestions have been made for the future work in this area.