This study is devoted to analyzing the «resistance» concept as the ideological foundation of «alternative» military-political alliances in the Middle East. In the context of the recent escalation of regional conflicts, mihwar al-muqawama (Arabic: ) has the potential to become an analogue of NATO, consistently expanding both its military and media infrastructure. Today, this unofficial bloc includes the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Lebanese party Hezbollah, the Palestinian movement Hamas, the Yemeni Houthi movement Ansar Allah, and the Islamic Resistance in Iraq. Interaction within the «axis» is based on strategic partnership and a shared discursive space that helps unite its members during the crises of the XXI century. The subject of the research is the genesis of «resistance» philosophy. The aim is to define its ideological and value-based core. The methodological basis of the study includes the comparative-historical method, conceptual analysis, and document analysis. The article proposes the thesis that the concept of «resistance» derives from the Zoroastrian tradition – the metaphysics of «Light» and «Darkness», which later developed in Shiite theology and Iranian political practice. This ideological continuity became particularly evident during the Islamic Revolution of 1979, when it became central to Ayatollah Khomeini’s rhetoric. The research also concludes that the ideology of «resistance» is based on inclusive Iranism, and this could explain the stability of the discourse amid the confessional, ethnic, and political heterogeneity of the Middle East. The results of the study may be applied in media communications research.
Anna Andreevna Korotaeva (Mon,) studied this question.