Minimizing Implant Rejections through Low-Inflammatory and Immune-Regulatory Biointerfaces

Implantable materials are continuously facing implant rejection due to foreign body responses (FBR) and insufficient tissue integration. Herein, we develop a versatile surface modification strategy based on hyaluronic acid (HA) to construct low-inflammatory and immune-regulatory biointerfaces that are able to inhibit the formation of FBR associated fibrotic capsules and promote the tissue integration of the implanted medical devices. The HA-based biointerfaces are able to establish surface-mediated immune responses and regulate immuno-microenvironments ex vivo and in vivo, for which bioinformatics analyses reveal the immuno-regulation mechanisms. With the modification of HA, histological analysis reveals a noteworthy reduction in capsule thickness. Furthermore, we demonstrate improved osseointegration when Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) modified HA is functionalized onto titanium implants. This work presents an approach for developing biointerfaces of implanted medical devices to tackle implant rejection.