Molecular Characterization of Some Wheat Varıeties and Genotypes Grown in Syrıa and Türkiye Using ISSR Marker Technique

In this study, the genetic diversity of 14 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes cultivated in Syria and Türkiye was analyzed using the ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) marker technique. DNA was isolated from young germinated leaves of wheat genotypes. Genetic characterization was performed using 11 different ISSR markers. PCR analyses produced a total of 65 DNA bands, of which 57 were polymorphic and 8 were monomorphic. Accordingly, the polymorphism rate was calculated as 87.69%. The data revealed a high level of genetic variation among the genotypes. Based on Dice similarity coefficients, dendrogram analysis grouped the genotypes into four main clusters. The results indicate that ISSR markers are effective in identifying genetic differences in wheat and can be used for selecting suitable genetic materials in breeding programs focused on yield, stress tolerance, and sustainability.