The Impact of Climate Change and Urbanization on the Expansion of the Range of Hantavirus Infection Carriers

Global climate change and rapid urbanization are actively transforming ecosystems, thereby altering the population dynamics of wild rodents—the primary reservoirs of hantaviruses. To systematize and analyze scientific data regarding the impact of climatic factors and anthropogenic expansion on the geographic range shifting of hantavirus vectors over the past 10 years.Methods. A systematic literature review was conducted across the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CyberLeninka databases in compliance with the PRISMA protocol. The analysis of 42 included studies demonstrated that an increase in average winter temperatures by 1.5-2.0 C enhances the survival rates of rodents (genera Apodemus, Microtus, Rattus), while urbanization facilitates the formation of synanthropic foci, escalating the risks of sporadic outbreaks of HFRS and HPS. In the Central Asian region (including Uzbekistan), risks remain consistently low due to the arid climate; however, suburban areas require ongoing epidemiological monitoring.