Gallic acid (GA) is a polyphenolic compound abundant in various plants with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective effects, making it an attractive candidate for mitigating cardiovascular dysbiosis and its associated complications. The study aimed to investigate the potential of GA as a therapeutic agent for combating gut dysbiosis, which could interfere with cardiovascular (CV) diseases such as hypertension and dyslipidemia. In vitro tests were conducted with gastrointestinal simulation technology (GIS1) and the GA modulation effect was analyzed using microbiological and qPCR methods. In GA-supplemented conditions, the total number of bacteria increased up to 2 log/mL, as well as the beneficial Lactobacillus spp., and Firmicutes population; while the opportunistic pathogen E. coli contributing to CV pathogenesis decreased by 1.3 log/mL. Targeting the cntA gene revealed that trimethylamine-producing bacteria significantly decreased. This preliminary work aimed to contribute to the efforts to find bioactive phytochemicals with cardioprotective properties. Thus, dietary supplementation with GA or GA-rich foods may represent a safe and effective approach for restoring gut microbial homeostasis and preserving cardiovascular health.
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BAKHTI et al. (2025) studied this question.
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