Potential Roles of Gut Microbiome and Metabolomes in Interstitial Lung Disease: Evidence across Preclinical and Clinical Research

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Key Points

This review aims to summarize associations between the gut microbiome and interstitial lung disease, highlighting potential mechanisms.
Integrated findings from in vivo and clinical studies exploring gut microbiome interactions with ILD.
Evaluated changes in the gut microbiome across various ILD subtypes.
Discussed preclinical studies on gut dysbiosis and its impact on immune responses and fibrotic pathways.
Alterations in gut microbiome consistently observed in multiple ILD subtypes including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Preclinical evidence suggests gut dysbiosis is linked to increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and enhanced fibrotic pathways.
Interventional studies indicate fecal microbiota transplantation may reduce pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in animal models.

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Review summarizes gut microbiome associations with interstitial lung disease and implications for therapy.

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Thonghem et al. (2026) studied this question.

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