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Smoking directly increases the likelihood of detecting breast-related lesions during screening and mediates the relationship between lower education levels and lesion detection. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.CONFIRMATORY. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

July 28, 2025BMC Cancer1 citationsOpen Access

The effect of smoking on breast cancer screening results in female population: a study in Wu wei, China

QSQian SunXinjiang Agricultural University JHJunguo HuShanghai University YYYancheng YeHuawei Technologies (China)

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Based on Anderson model theory, a pathway analysis model of breast cancer screening population in this region was constructed to explore the impact of smoking on breast cancer screening results, in order to provide reference for refining breast cancer screening strategies and programs. METHODS: Firstly, the distribution of each variable in terms of whether breast related diseases were detected was described by single factor analysis. Then, based on the results of factor screening, a screening outcome pathway analysis model for female breast cancer screening population in 2021-2023 was constructed to determine the influence path and influence coefficient of smoking on breast cancer screening results. RESULTS: A total of 1,792 female residents participated in breast cancer screening between 2021 and 2023, and 353 were detected with breast related disease, a detection rate of 19.7%. The result of path analysis model shows that the overall model fits well (RMSEA<0.001、CFI = 1.000、TLI = 1.001、SRMR = 0.024). The most significant variable of propensity characteristic dimension is the highest education (t=-2.135,P = 0.033); The significant variable in the dimension of medical behavior was smoking (t = 2.504,P = 0.012). The path coefficient indicates that the female population with lower education and smoking is more likely to detect mamma-related lesions in the screening population. In addition to the direct effect of smoking on the detection of mast-related lesions (effect size - 0.105), smoking also acted as a mediating variable to mediate the indirect effect of the highest education on the detection of mast-related lesions (effect size - 0.016). CONCLUSION: The results of this study confirmed the impact of smoking on breast cancer screening results, suggesting that health workers should further strengthen the publicity and education of residents on smoking cessation, optimize local screening strategies, and strengthen local residents' awareness of primary cancer prevention.

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