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Significance Two major endocrine hormones in insects, juvenile hormone (JH) and ecdysone, regulate developmental transitions and growth duration in an opposite manner. Deciphering the mechanisms underlying cross-talk between JH and ecdysone is key to understanding the control of insect growth and development. We show that in both Drosophila and Bombyx , JH directly acts on the prothoracic gland to induce Krüppel homolog 1 ( Kr-h1 ) expression, which in turn represses ecdysone biosynthesis by reducing the transcription of steroidogenic enzymes. This transcriptional repression is mediated by direct binding of Kr-h1 to target gene-promoter regions, inducing epigenetic promoter DNA methylation. Our findings provide insights into the direct repression of ecdysone biosynthesis by Kr-h1–mediated JH signaling in insect prothoracic gland.
Zhang et al. (Thu,) studied this question.