Four methods for the in-flight radiometric calibration and cross calibration of multispectral imaging sensors are described. Three make use of ground-based reflectance, irradiance, and radiance measurements in conjunction with atmospheric measurements and one compares calibrations between sensors. Error budgets for these methods are presented and their validation is discussed by reference to SPOT and TM results and shown to meet the EOS requirements in the solar-reflective range.
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Slater et al. (1996) studied this question.