Factors influencing the use and user perception of powered wheelchairs under the long-term care insurance system in Japan: a qualitative study

[Purpose] To investigate the users’ perceptions of powered wheelchairs (PWCs) provided by the rental service of equipment for long-term care covered by public aid in Japan and to identify factors influencing the feasibility of their widespread use. [Participants and Methods] This qualitative study was conducted using semistructured interviews with five Japanese individuals who used PWCs rented from the rental service of equipment for long-term care covered by public aid to investigate their usage and perceptions of PWCs. The interview data were organized using the KJ method. [Results] The users chose wheelchairs of their own volition based on their values, developed attachments to their PWCs, and used them as effective tools to lead independent lives. Participants positively evaluated the value of PWCs and accepted their advantages and disadvantages. However, they felt that using PWCs in their daily lives was difficult. [Conclusion] PWCs can be efficiently distributed among wheelchair users who wish to live independently and participate in society. The specific and complex driving maneuvers, safety considerations for operating PWCs in real-life situations, and the low public awareness of PWCs are factors influencing their widespread use.