Post-liver transplantation delirium: Pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical management, and future directions

Postoperative delirium is a prevalent neuropsychiatric complication after liver transplantation, affecting 13%–26% of recipients. It is associated with prolonged intensive care unit and hospital stays, increased medical costs, and significantly worse long-term prognosis. This article comprehensively reviews its pathogenesis, risk factors, assessment tools, management strategies and future directions, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for clinical prevention, intervention and subsequent research.