Health Policy Impact on South Bohemian Fire Rescue Service Activities During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Case Study

To examine how health policies during the COVID-19 pandemic affected the operational tasks, workforce roles, and organizational performance of a regional fire rescue service. A qualitative single-case study was conducted within the South Bohemian Fire and Rescue Service. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with senior officers and commanders and analyzed using thematic analysis supported by a strengths-weaknesses-opportunities-threats analysis within a resilience and institutional adaptation framework. Firefighters assumed extensive non-traditional roles, including supporting population testing for infectious disease, contact tracing, vaccination support, and hospital assistance. Key strengths included organizational flexibility, inter-agency cooperation, and high personal commitment, while challenges involved workload intensity and psychosocial strain. Fire and rescue services play a critical occupational role in public health emergencies. Integrating non-healthcare first responders into communicable disease preparedness and strengthening mental health support are essential for workforce resilience.