Indole-based kinase modulators for NSCLC: recent advances in synthetic route, SAR and molecular docking studies

AIM: The indole scaffold has gained increasing importance due to its structural versatility and ability to interact with multiple cancerous receptors relevant to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). So, the aim of this review is "Indole-Based Kinase Modulators for NSCLC: Recent Advances in Synthetic Route, Structure activity relationship (SAR) and Molecular Docking Studies for the betterment of future." OBJECTIVE: Compilation of recently food and drug administration (FDA) approved indole-based drugs and molecular docking validation. In previously reported review they individually focused on the targets such as EGFR and the other targets. MATERIAL & METHODS: A systemic literature survey from 2020 to 2025 was done on the basis of indole as a main scaffold against different NSCLC targets. Data analysed from the given literature data. RESULTS: This review tells the key structural features of indole derivatives that will increase the kinase selectivity and potency against the EGFR, ALK, ROS1 and VEGFR targets. CONCLUSION: This review highlights indole scaffold as a core pharmacophore for multitargets against the NSCLC like EGFR, ALK/ROS1 and VEGFR. This review helps the medicinal chemist and other researchers to develop more indole-based molecules for muti kinase targets.