Anisotropic MoS ₂ /SiC Aerogels: A Multifunctional Platform for Broadband Electromagnetic Stealth and Thermal Management

To address the demand for high‐temperature stability, broadband strong absorption, and multifunctional integration of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials in complex service environments, lightweight molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) decorated silicon carbide (SiC) nanofiber composite aerogels with a directional layered interconnected structure were successfully fabricated in this study via a hydrothermal method combined with directional freeze casting and thermal annealing processes. Microstructurally, the aerogel exhibits a “shish‐kebab‐like” heterostructure formed by MoS 2 nanosheets uniformly wrapping SiC nanofibers. Furthermore, the heat treatment process regulated the phase transformation of MoS 2 from the 1T phase to the 2H phase, retaining abundant defect sites. Benefiting from the significant anisotropy induced by the directional pore structure, the material demonstrates optimal impedance matching characteristics and dielectric loss capability when electromagnetic waves are incident parallel to the directional structure. The optimized MoS 2 @SiC‐2 sample not only possesses an ultralight density (0.157 g cm −3 ) but also achieves superior microwave absorption performance in the X‐band: a minimum reflection loss (RL min ) of −34.56 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) covering the entire X‐band (4.2 GHz). In addition, this unique three‐dimensional directional lamellar structure endows the material with excellent thermal insulation performance, exhibiting a thermal conductivity as low as 0.057 W m −1 K −1 in the direction perpendicular to the directional structure, along with outstanding fire resistance and thermal shock resistance. Integrating high‐efficiency electromagnetic stealth and thermal protection functions, this MoS 2 @SiC aerogel provides a novel design strategy for electromagnetic protection applications in harsh environments.