Enhancing quality of life in dialysis patients: A review of complementary therapies to alleviate the burden of kidney failure

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who undergo regular dialysis often face serious physical, emotional, and social challenges that lower their overall quality of life. While dialysis sustains physiological function, it often overlooks critical aspects of mental health and wellness. This review explores the potential of complementary therapies, particularly music therapy, mindfulness, and meditation, as integrative approaches that support the emotional and psychological health of dialysis patients. This narrative review was conducted on the role of complementary therapies in improving the quality of life of dialysis patients. A thorough literature search was carried out between January 2021 and April 2025 using electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using specific keywords. Out of 102 identified studies, 30 met the inclusion criteria and 5 key studies were selected for in-depth review. The review found that complementary therapies such as music therapy, mindfulness, meditation, and other integrative approaches significantly improve emotional well-being, reduce stress, and enhance the overall quality of life in dialysis patients. Evidence from selected studies supports their inclusion alongside standard care to the psychological and social challenges associated with long-term dialysis. Enhancing quality of life in dialysis patients requires a multifaceted, compassionate strategy that addresses their emotional, social, and psychological needs. Complementary therapies, including music therapy and mindfulness-based techniques and meditation, are readily available and scientifically supported methods to reduce pain, improve emotional stability, and reduce stress. By incorporating these treatments into standard dialysis care, a more human-centered approach is promoted.