The path to green growth in OECD economies: The role of energy transition and education

This study employs various estimation methods to examine the determinants of green gross domestic product (GDP) across 36 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries from 1990 to 2019. The findings indicate that energy transition significantly promotes green GDP. The gross fixed capital formation also substantially enhances green GDP. School enrolment (secondary and tertiary) positively influences green GDP in the OECD economies. These results suggest the need for tailored policy interventions considering energy transition, education, and physical capital investment to foster a greener economy. The study underscores the importance of customised strategies to achieve sustainable development goals across the varied economic contexts of the OECD countries. • We examine the determinants of green GDP employing various methods. • We focus on panel data in 36 OECD countries from 1990 to 2019. • Energy transition significantly promotes green GDP. • The gross fixed capital formation enhances green GDP. • Education has positive effects on green GDP.