The coefficients for the new 9th Generation International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) were finalized at the XXIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geophysics and Geodesy (IUGG), held in Sapporo, Japan, in July 2003. The IGRF is widely used as a mathematical representation for the Earth's magnetic field in studies of the Earth's deep interior, crust, and ionosphere and magnetosphere. It is the product of a collaborative effort between magnetic field modelers and the institutes involved in collecting and disseminating magnetic field data from observatories and surveys around the world and from satellites.
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Macmillan et al. (2003) studied this question.
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