Key result
Weight regain after caloric restriction reduces hepatic beta-oxidation enzymes and alters the lipidome in rats.
Why the study?
Does partial body mass regain following caloric restriction alter the hepatic lipidome and lipid utilization in a rat model of metabolic syndrome?
Does partial body mass regain following caloric restriction alter the hepatic lipidome and lipid utilization in a rat model of metabolic syndrome?
Partial body mass regain after caloric restriction in metabolic syndrome may promote hepatic steatosis by reducing fatty acid utilization and altering the lipidome.
Increases in body mass are associated with the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Caloric restriction (CR) is the primary non-pharmacological defense against MASLD; however, poor CR maintenance induces partial body mass regain (PR), leading to MASLD progression. We conducted an in vivo study to investigate the effects of PR following 2 weeks of CR on the hepatic lipidome during Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) using the male Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat and the Long Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rat as strain control (Ctrl). PR reduced hepatic acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase II (CPT2) protein expression compared to OLETF CR. The lipidome indicated that PR maintained reduced total TAGs primarily MUFA and PUFA TAGs, while SFA-TAGs were elevated. Additionally, OLETF PR demonstrated a negative correlation with cholesteryl ester and an elevation in HDL levels vs. OLETF CR. These findings suggest that PR may promote hepatic steatosis by reducing fatty acid utilization and potentially associated with dysfunctional HDL, which can induce hepatic inflammation and injury. This study highlights the detriments of PR during MetS, suggesting that careful health monitoring is necessary for individuals with compromised metabolism when using dietary interventions to ameliorate MASLD.
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Jardines et al. (2026) studied Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Partial body mass regain (PR) vs. Caloric restriction (CR) and strain control was evaluated on Hepatic ACOX1 and CPT2 protein expression and hepatic lipidome. Partial body mass regain following caloric restriction in male rats with metabolic syndrome reduced hepatic ACOX1 and CPT2 protein expression and altered the hepatic lipidome compared to caloric restriction alone.
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