Seed maturation time, morphological traits, and climatic data for 45 tropical and subtropical angiosperms

This dataset comprises seed maturation time (measured as days after anthesis, DAA), seed morphological traits and associated native climatic variables for 45 tropical and subtropical angiosperm species cultivated under controlled greenhouse conditions at Meise Botanic Garden, Belgium. Seed maturation time was quantified from anthesis to dispersal maturity based on direct monitoring of hand-pollinated flowers. Morphological traits include seed mass, seed size, embryo size, embryo-to-seed ratio (E:S), and seed coat thickness, averaged across replicates per species. Climatic variables were derived from species occurrence data obtained via the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and extracted from the WorldClim v2.1 database, including annual mean temperature, precipitation, and seasonality metrics. The dataset was used to investigate the relationships between seed maturation time, seed morphology, and native climatic conditions using phylogenetic comparative methods.