Near Real-Time Monitoring of Intravitreal Injection Outcomes Using an Epic-Integrated Ophthalmology Data Mart

Objective To describe the implementation of an Epic-integrated ophthalmology data mart enabling near real-time monitoring of intravitreal injection (IVI) activity and outcomes in routine clinical practice. Design Retrospective observational infrastructure study. Subjects, Participants, and/or Controls All patients receiving intravitreal injections at a tertiary referral center between January 2019 and October 2025. Methods A centralized ophthalmology data mart was developed using routinely collected electronic health record data. Information from legacy systems and Epic was automatically integrated through a standardized pipeline. Retinal diagnoses were harmonized using clinician-guided rules based on ICD-10-GM and SNOMED CT, allowing assignment of a single primary indication per visit. Visual acuity values recorded as free text were standardized and converted to logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR). Data quality was assessed using automated checks and targeted manual review. Interactive dashboards enabled daily updated visualization of treatment activity and outcomes. Main outcome measures included visit-level diagnosis assignment, distribution of IVI indications, and availability of longitudinal best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) data. Results A total of 19,450 IVI episodes in 4,721 patients were captured (median age, 73 years; interquartile range, 66–81), with successful visit-level diagnosis assignment in 88.7% of encounters. Neovascular age-related macular degeneration accounted for 57% of injections, followed by diabetic macular edema (28%) and retinal vein occlusion (15%). Longitudinal BCVA data were available at standardized four-week intervals, enabling continuous monitoring of functional outcomes. Dashboards provided near real-time overview of treatment patterns and visual outcomes. Conclusions Automated integration of ophthalmology data within Epic enabled near real-time monitoring of intravitreal therapy while reducing manual reporting burden. This approach supports continuous quality assessment and future real-world evidence studies in ophthalmology.