Characterization and Antibacterial Activity Effects of TiO ₂ :MgO Nanoparticles Synthesized by Laser Ablation

This investigation focuses on synthesizing antibacterial TiO 2 :MgO nanoparticles in a liquid environment using the Nd:YAG laser pulse ablation technique. The number of pulses ranges from 200 to 600. The glass substrate is subsequently deposited using an Nd:YAG laser that operates at a frequency of 10 Hz, a laser energy of 1000 mJ, and a wavelength of 1064 nm. UV‐Visible spectroscopy has been employed to investigate the spectral absorption and band gap of optical features. The resulting optimal absorption intensity was achieved for all proportions within the wavelength range of 190–390 nm. Using field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) and X‐ray diffraction, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the crystal and surface structures. To gain insight into the structural integrity and morphology of TiO 2 :MgO nanoparticles, atomic force microscopy (AFM) images revealed the formation of nanoparticles with a surface roughness ranging from 77.89 to 17.64 nm and a dimension ranging from 87.98 to 49.93 nm. Ultimately, the primary goal of the investigation is to determine the antibacterial properties of TiO 2 :MgO nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli bacteria. The inhibition was found to increase with the number of pulses.