Abstract This study investigates the impact of blockchain technology adoption on the financial performance of Jordanian commercial banks during the period 2018–2025 using panel data analysis. The study examines a sample of eight Jordanian commercial banks listed on the Amman Stock Exchange. The independent variables include Blockchain Adoption, IT Investment, Digital Transactions, and Cybersecurity Score, while financial performance is measured using Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). In addition, several control variables are included in the analysis, namely Bank Size, Capital Adequacy Ratio, Liquidity Ratio, Inflation Rate, and GDP Growth. Financial and operational data were collected from Bankscope’s database, annual reports, sustainability reports, the Association of Banks in Jordan, the Central Bank of Jordan, and the Amman Stock Exchange. The study employs descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, unit root tests, multicollinearity analysis, and panel regression models using the STATA software package. The findings indicate that blockchain technology adoption positively influences financial performance in Jordanian commercial banks. Specifically, Blockchain Adoption, IT Investment, and Digital Transactions significantly improve both ROA and ROE, while Cybersecurity Score demonstrates a moderate but positive effect. Furthermore, the control variables show varying degrees of significance in explaining bank profitability. The study contributes to the growing literature on financial technology and banking innovation by providing empirical evidence from an emerging economy. The findings offer practical implications for policymakers, regulators, and bank managers regarding the strategic implementation of blockchain technologies to improve operational efficiency, profitability, and competitive advantage.
Amer N. Bani Yousef (2026) studied this question.