Reimagining justice: peacemaking criminology and alternative justice systems in the Kenyan context

Alternative justice systems and peacemaking criminology share a bond in addressing the root causes of crime, promoting healing and reconciliation, and fostering a more holistic understanding of justice. As a theoretical framework, peacemaking criminology challenges traditional punitive approaches to crime by advocating for nonviolent conflict resolution, social justice, and community empowerment. It views crime as a social problem rooted in structural inequalities, systemic violence, and interpersonal conflicts rather than solely as individual deviance deserving punishment. Alternative justice systems, such as restorative justice and transformative justice, align closely with the principles of peacemaking criminology. They prioritize repairing harm, rebuilding relationships, and addressing underlying social issues to avoid future conflicts and criminal behavior. These systems facilitate meaningful dialogue and decision-making among victims, offenders, and communities, as well as reconciliation, healing, and accountability. Furthermore, while both address crime and conflict, they also recognize the significance of social networks, support structures, and community resources in fostering resilience, rehabilitation, and long-term peacebuilding. This article investigates how peacemaking criminology, through alternative justice systems, can transform criminal justice systems around the world.