We present constraints on the sum of neutrino masses ∑ m ν from a dataset incorporating the full SPT-3G 2018 TT/TE/EE+lensing spectra together with Planck PR4 lensing and low-ℓ parts of the Planck PR3 spectra. Using it together with the DESI DR2 BAO measurements, we arrive at a 95% upper limit of ∑ m ν < 0.11 eV, relaxing the tension between ΛCDM and lower bounds on ∑ m ν based on neutrino oscillation experiments as compared to the Planck+DESI constraint. When including DES Y1 weak lensing information and the Pantheon+ SNIa catalog, the limit is further loosened to ∑ m ν < 0.138 eV with a slight preference for ∑ m ν > 0. By contrast, replacing SPT-3G 2018 primary CMB and lensing spectra with ones from the SPT-3G 2019-2020 (D1) release tightens the overall constraint to < 0.082 eV and pushes the ∑ m ν posterior mode value to zero, indicating a preference for quasi-negative neutrino masses in line with the D1 analysis. This is a curious shift within SPT-3G measurements of the same field taken in 2018 and in 2019-2020 and processed with different analysis pipelines.
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Gorbunov et al. (2026) studied this question.
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