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Laboratory-based TCSPC Raman LiDAR detects hydrogen, demonstrating a detection limit of 137 ppm at 11 m distance, indicating reliability for remote sensing.
The continued development of the hydrogen economy has driven demand for stand-off sensing technologies. Owing to hydrogen’s weak optical absorption, remote detection primarily relies on Raman scattering integrated with Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR). We present a laboratory-based Time-Correlated Single-Photon Counting (TCSPC) Raman LiDAR system for remote hydrogen detection. A Raman pump laser emitting pulses with a duration of 1.1 ns, repetition frequency of 10 kHz, wavelength of 355 nm, and pulse energy of 3 µJ is used with an integration time of 600 s. We demonstrate a hydrogen Limit of Detection (LOD) of approximately 137 ppm at a stand-off distance of around 11 m. A numerical model is validated by reproducing the experimental measurements.
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Lockwood et al. (2026) studied this question.
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