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Investigates mass accretion in black holes, highlighting geometric consistencies in cosmology.
All existing treatments of the black hole universe (BHU) hypothesis match an expanding Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) interior to a static Schwarzschild exterior. We identify a fundamental geometric inconsistency in this paradigm: by Birkhoff's Theorem, matching to a vacuum exterior forces the black hole mass to be strictly constant, mathematically forbidding the cosmological accretion central to the BHU hypothesis. To resolve this Birkhoff restriction, we upgrade the exterior to a radiating Vaidya spacetime and apply the trace-reversed Israel junction conditions to a general non-comoving boundary, with the apparent horizon as the primary physical case. We prove that requiring a boundary free of a singular mass layer (σ = 0) mathematically locks the dynamical Vaidya mass to the enclosed FLRW mass, M(v) = 4π/3ρ R³. This exact matching mathematically dictates the black hole's mass accretion rate, reproducing the exact Misner-Sharp mass flux Ṁₜ = 4π R² [ ρ Ṙₜ - (ρ+p) H R ]. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this dynamical geometry requires a non-zero surface pressure P to absorb the difference between the interior momentum flux and the exterior radiation flux. By evaluating these conditions precisely at the apparent horizon, we establish a purely cosmological derivation of the Membrane Paradigm pressure and demonstrate that the horizon's mass natively grows at a rate proportional to the interior enthalpy, ṀAH = 2π/H²(ρ+p).
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Sittiphol Phanvilai (2026) studied this question.
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