Examines a Qur’an-based solar-lunar calendar system in relation to Ramadan and sacred months, suggesting new insights into their structure.
The Equinox-Anchored 19-Year Metonic Cycle This MESSAGE is an equinox-anchored, Qur’an-governed solar-lunar calendar in which the lunation containing the southward equinox is Ramadan: the first sacred month and Month 9. The remaining sacred months follow consecutively as Months 10–12. Using the nineteen-year / 235-lunation relation, seven intercalary lunations are designated Month 0 after 24- or 36-month intervals, never as a thirteenth numbered month. The study examines the Qur’anic solar-lunar field, years and calculation, crescents, balance, the twelve-month count, and the prohibition of nasī, with supporting mathematical observations and reproducible supplementary data.
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Mahmoud Ahmed (2023) studied this question.
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