Development and optimisation of a novel microcapillary and smartphone based global haemostasis and platelet function assay

Platelets are small cells that play a crucial role in haemostasis. Platelet dysfunction, however, can lead to serious diseases such as heart attacks and strokes. To determine the likelihood of dysfunction, researchers and clinicians can utilise tools called platelet function tests (PFTs), which can provide an array of insights to platelet function. Historically, these have been performed in labs with a relatively high equipment and specialism burden. More recently, a new type of platelet function test that can be performed in a wider range of settings was introduced – the point of care test (POCT). However, the sensitivity, specificity, and cost of these tests has significantly limited their utility. Here, we show a novel, proof-of-concept POCT which has the required characteristics to meet some of the unmet needs of platelet function testing. We have adapted microfluidic technology and utilised smartphone technology to create a PFT with an unprecedented level of accessibility. We have developed and optimised the test to show that at a proof-of-concept level, it can detect the activation of platelets via ADP, arachidonic acid, and thrombin. We have also shown that we can specifically reverse the measured activity of these assays with the clinically relevant drugs cangrelor and aspirin. We ultimately show in this study that this proof-of-concept assay, although early in development has been proven to be an exciting candidate for a novel and unique assay with substantial clinical and research implications