Roux-en-Y gastric bypass significantly reduced body weight, normalized fasting blood glucose, and promoted white adipose tissue browning in obese type 2 diabetic mice compared to sham surgery.
Does Roux-en-Y gastric bypass improve metabolic parameters and promote adipose tissue browning in an obese type 2 diabetic mouse model?
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass induces profound morphological changes in white and brown adipose tissue, promoting browning and metabolic recovery in a murine model of type 2 diabetes.
p-value: p=<0.0001
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a highly effective therapy for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but its underlying mechanisms, particularly regarding adipose tissue remodeling, remain incompletely understood. This study investigated the hypothesis that RYGB induces a phenotypic shift in white adipose tissue (WAT) towards a brown-like (beige) state, which contributes to its systemic metabolic benefits. An obese T2DM model was established in C57BL/6J mice using a high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin. Mice were allocated to control (CON), sham-operated (SHAM), or RYGB groups. Metabolic parameters were monitored for 8 weeks post-surgery. Terminal analyses included body composition assessment via micro-CT, plasma lipid profiling, and histological evaluation of liver and multiple adipose depots (epididymal, inguinal, perirenal, and brown adipose tissue). RYGB induced sustained weight loss, normalized glycemia, improved insulin sensitivity, and corrected dyslipidemia. Body composition analysis revealed a preferential reduction in visceral and subcutaneous fat mass, with lean mass preserved. Histologically, RYGB markedly alleviated hepatic steatosis. Crucially, RYGB induced a profound remodeling of WAT, characterized by a significant reduction in adipocyte size in both epididymal and inguinal depots, indicating improved adipose tissue health. Concomitantly, brown adipose tissue exhibited a reversal of obesity-associated “whitening,” displaying a more active morphology with smaller lipid droplets. Beyond its established effects on weight and metabolism, RYGB induces morphological changes in white adipose tissue consistent with improved metabolic health. This structural and phenotypic reprogramming of fat depots likely represents a key cellular mechanism underpinning the surgery’s potent anti-diabetic and hepatoprotective effects. Our findings highlight adipose tissue plasticity as a central therapeutic target of RYGB. Not applicable.
Qi et al. (Wed,) conducted a other in Obese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (n=18). Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) vs. Sham surgery was evaluated on Body weight and fasting blood glucose (p=<0.0001). Roux-en-Y gastric bypass significantly reduced body weight, normalized fasting blood glucose, and promoted white adipose tissue browning in obese type 2 diabetic mice compared to sham surgery.
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